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The toolbar at the top of the Mac OS X Snow Leopard screen gives you one-click access to many basic tasks. You can customize the icons that appear on Mac’s toolbar to facilitate your work style and preferences. The default icons on the toolbar include:
Back and Forward: The Back button moves you to the previous window’s contents. If you use the Back button, the Forward button appears.
View: Click this control to toggle between the four view modes (icon, list, column, or flow).
Quick Look: Click this control to display a window with the contents of the selected file or document without launching the corresponding application.
Selecting a folder and pressing the spacebar displays a summary of its size and last modification date.
Action: Click this pop-up menu to display context-sensitive commands for the selected items.
Search: You can search for a file or folder using this box.
Adding or deleting items from the toolbar is a great way to customize Mac OS X. From the active Finder window menu, choose View→Customize Toolbar. You see the sheet shown here.
To add items to the toolbar, drag them from the Customize Toolbar dialog up to the toolbar at the top of the window.
To add an item between existing buttons, drop it between the buttons, and they obligingly move aside. If you get exuberant about your toolbar and you add more icons than it can hold, a double-right arrow appears at the right side of the toolbar. Clicking the arrow displays the icons that won’t fit.
In fact, the Customize Toolbar dialog isn’t necessary for some toolbar modifications: You can also drag files, folders, and disk volumes directly from the Desktop or other Finder windows and add them to your toolbar at any time. To remove a file, folder, or disk volume from the toolbar, hold down Control and click (or right-click) the icon on the toolbar; then click Remove Item from the pop-up menu.
You can also hold down Command and drag any item off the toolbar, or hold down Command and drag toolbar items to reorder them.
You can always drag a file or folder into the Sidebar column at the left of the Finder window.
To remove an item from the toolbar, drag it off to the center of the window.
Naturally, you can swap item positions. Just click an item, drag it to its new spot, and then release the mouse button.
To choose the default toolbar configuration or to start over, drag the default bar at the bottom of the window to the toolbar at the top.
This is the toolbar equivalent of tapping your ruby slippers together three times and repeating, “There’s no place like home.”
To toggle between displaying the icons with accompanying text (the default), the icon only, or a text button only, click the Show pop-up menu at the bottom of the Customize Toolbar dialog.
After you arrange your toolbar as you like, click the Done button.
To install and run Flutter,your development environment must meet these minimum requirements:
bash
curl
git
2.xmkdir
rm
unzip
which
zip
Download the following installation bundle to get the latest stable release of theFlutter SDK:
For other release channels, and older builds,see the SDK archive page.
Extract the file in the desired location, for example:
If you don’t want to install a fixed version of the installation bundle, you can skip steps 1 and 2. Instead, get the source code from the Flutter repo on GitHub, and change branches or tags as needed. For example:
Add the flutter
tool to your path:
This command sets your PATH
variable for the current terminal window only.To permanently add Flutter to your path, seeUpdate your path.
Optionally, pre-download development binaries:
The flutter
tool downloads platform-specific development binaries asneeded. For scenarios where pre-downloading these artifacts is preferable(for example, in hermetic build environments,or with intermittent network availability), iOSand Android binaries can be downloaded ahead of time by running:
For additional download options, see flutter help precache
.
You are now ready to run Flutter commands!
Note: To update an existing version of Flutter, see Upgrading Flutter.
Run the following command to see if there are any dependencies you need toinstall to complete the setup (for verbose output, add the -v
flag):
This command checks your environment and displays a report to the terminalwindow. The Dart SDK is bundled with Flutter; it is not necessary to installDart separately. Check the output carefully for other software you mightneed to install or further tasks to perform (shown in bold text).
For example:
The following sections describe how to perform these tasks and finish the setupprocess.
Once you have installed any missing dependencies, run the flutter doctor
command again to verify that you’ve set everything up correctly.
Broadcom 802.11 Multiband Network Adapter. Broadcom 802.11g Network Adapter. Broadcom 802.11 Network Adapter provides wireless local area networking. Broadcom 802.11 wireless lan adapter drivers for mac pro. Broadcom 802.11a Network Adapter.
Warning: The flutter
tool uses Google Analytics to anonymously report feature usage statistics and basic crash reports. This data is used to help improve Flutter tools over time.
Flutter tool analytics are not sent on the very first run. To disable reporting, type flutter config --no-analytics
. To display the current setting, type flutter config
. If you opt out of analytics, an opt-out event will be sent, and then no further information will be sent by the Flutter tool.
By downloading the Flutter SDK, you agree to the Google Terms of Service. Note: The Google Privacy Policy describes how data is handled in this service.
Moreover, Flutter includes the Dart SDK, which may send usage metrics and crash reports to Google.
You can update your PATH variable for the current session atthe command line, as shown in Get the Flutter SDK.You’ll probably want to update this variable permanently,so you can run flutter
commands in any terminal session.
The steps for modifying this variable permanently forall terminal sessions are machine-specific.Typically you add a line to a file that is executedwhenever you open a new window. For example:
rc
file for your shell.For example, macOS Mojave (and earlier)uses the Bash shell by default,so edit $HOME/.bash_profile
or $HOME/.bashrc
.macOS Catalina uses the Z shell by default,so edit $HOME/.zshrc
.If you are using a different shell, the file pathand filename will be different on your machine.Add the following line and change[PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY]
to bethe path where you cloned Flutter’s git repo:
Select the file and tap Share or Add People. You can invite them to collaborate through Messages, Mail, or copy and paste a link. Your participants are color-coded.
source $HOME/.<rc file>
to refresh the current window,or open a new terminal window toautomatically source the file.Verify that the flutter/bin
directoryis now in your PATH by running:
Verify that the flutter
command is available by running:
macOS supports developing Flutter apps in iOS, Android,and the web (technical preview release).Complete at least one of the platform setup steps now,to be able to build and run your first Flutter app.
To develop Flutter apps for iOS, you need a Mac with Xcode installed.
Configure the Xcode command-line tools to use thenewly-installed version of Xcode byrunning the following from the command line:
This is the correct path for most cases,when you want to use the latest version of Xcode.If you need to use a different version,specify that path instead.
sudo xcodebuild -license
from the command line.Versions older than the latest stable version may still work,but are not recommended for Flutter development.Using old versions of Xcode to target bitcode is notsupported, and is likely not to work.
With Xcode, you’ll be able to run Flutter apps onan iOS device or on the simulator.
To prepare to run and test your Flutter app on the iOS simulator,follow these steps:
On your Mac, find the Simulator via Spotlight orby using the following command:
To create your first Flutter app and test your setup,follow these steps:
Create a new Flutter app by running the following from thecommand line:
A my_app
directory is created, containing Flutter’s starter app.Enter this directory:
To launch the app in the Simulator,ensure that the Simulator is running and enter:
To deploy your Flutter app to a physical iOS deviceyou need the third-party CocoaPods dependency managerand an Apple Developer account. You’ll also needto set up physical device deployment in Xcode.
Install and set up CocoaPods by running the following commands:
Follow the Xcode signing flow to provision your project:
open ios/Runner.xcworkspace
in a terminalwindow from your Flutter project directory.Runner
project in the left navigation panel.Runner
target settings page,make sure your Development Team is selected.The UI varies depending on your version of Xcode. When you select a team,Xcode creates and downloads a Development Certificate,registers your device with your account,and creates and downloads a provisioning profile (if needed).
To start your first iOS development project,you might need to sign intoXcode with your Apple ID. Development and testing is supported for any Apple ID.Enrolling in the Apple Developer Program is required todistribute your app to the App Store.For details about membership types,see Choosing a Membership.
The first time you use an attached physical device for iOSdevelopment, you need to trust both your Mac and theDevelopment Certificate on that device.Select Trust
in the dialog prompt whenfirst connecting the iOS device to your Mac.
Then, go to the Settings app on the iOS device,select General > Device Managementand trust your Certificate.
If automatic signing fails in Xcode, verify that the project’sGeneral > Identity > Bundle Identifier value is unique.
Start your app by running flutter run
.
Note: Flutter relies on a full installation of Android Studio to supply its Android platform dependencies. However, you can write your Flutter apps in a number of editors; a later step will discuss that.
Note:We’re updating the flutter tool to use either the Platform-Tools (now obsolete), or the new Command-Line tool if it is available.
To prepare to run and test your Flutter app on an Android device,you’ll need an Android device running Android 4.1 (API level 16) or higher.
flutter devices
command to verify thatFlutter recognizes your connected Android device. By default,Flutter uses the version of the Android SDK where your adb
tool is based. If you want Flutter to use a different installationof the Android SDK, you must set the ANDROID_HOME
environmentvariable to that installation directory.To prepare to run and test your Flutter app on the Android emulator,follow these steps:
Verify the AVD configuration is correct, and select Finish.
For details on the above steps, see ManagingAVDs.
Note: As of 1.12, Flutter has early support for running web applications, but you need to be running the beta channel of Flutter. If you experience a problem that hasn’t yet been reported, please file an issue and make sure that “web” appears in the title.
To prepare to run, test, and debug your Flutter app on the web,you must install Chrome, if you haven’t already.
Set up your preferred editor.